Militarized Disputes, Crises, and Wars
See also the resources on my companion page for the ISA Compendium's "Review of Available Data Sets" article, which may have been updated more recently than some of the resources on this page.
My International Conflict and Security pages may also include relevant information or data.
COW Militarized Interstate Disputes: The latest official release of the COW Project's militarized interstate dispute (MID) data, version 3.10; see also their recently released MID Locations data, collected by Alex Braithwaite.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: Dispute-level data: Start and end dates, Dispute outcome and form of settlement, Fatality level, Dispute duration, Level of hostility, Reciprocated dispute?, Number of states on each side, Dispute name; Participant-level data: Start and end dates of participation in dispute, Revisionist status and revision type, Fatality level, Level of hostility, Dispute originator status (Note: new variables are available in the MID3 data that can now be downloaded; the list is forthcoming.)
Zeev Maoz' Dyadic MID Data (a dyadic version of the MID data available above.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
COW Interstate War, Extrastate [Extrasystemic] War, and Intrastate [Civil] War data.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1997
- Variables Included: War participants, regional location, dates, results, and fatalities.
Kristian Gleditsch's Expanded War Data: A revision and expansion of the COW war data that uses Gleditsch and Ward's alternative interstate system membership list. This data set includes both interstate wars and civil wars (including "extra-systemic" wars). It was described in his 2004 International Interactions article.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-2002
- Variables Included: War participants, dates, fatalities, and outcomes.
Russ Leng's Behavioral Correlates of War (BCOW) Crisis Data is available in both Mac and Windows versions (note that these download links are to StuffIt (.sit) and zipped (.zip) archives containing data, documentation, and the needed software for working with the data.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: more than forty international crises between 1838-1980 (selected as a representative sample of crises since 1816)
- Variables Included: date of event, actor and target, type of event, immediate impact on target, tempo of event; the included software allows users to scale and aggregate the raw events data.
International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Data Archive (One of the leading data sets for the study of armed conflict, particularly useful because it includes a number of variables related to conflict management. ICB provides crisis-level, actor-level, and dyadic-level data on each crisis. Their web site also includes a data viewer that can be used to view the coding and historical narrative of each crisis.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1919-2005
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
SHERFACS Crisis Data Archive (a crisis data set collected by the late Frank Sherman, maintained by his executor Hayward Alker, and made available for download by the Paris-in-LA project. The data set is available in Paradox database form - be warned that this is a huge file, 5.7 MB. A codebook is also available, and an additional overview of the SHERFACS project is available at MIT.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain:
- Variables Included:
Ernst Haas' Collective Security Data (available on-line through the PARIS-in-LA project at USC; this is the final version of the data used by Haas in "Collective Conflict Management: Evidence for a New World Order?" [in Thomas G. Weiss, ed.,Collective Security in a Changing World, 1993], "Regime Decay: Conflict Management and International Organization, 1945-1981" [International Organization, 1983], and Why We Still Need the United Nations: The Collective Management of International Conflict, 1945-1984 [1986]. Three versions of the data set are available, including UN cases, regional cases, and combined UN and regional cases)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1945-1990
- Variables Included: conflict intensity, conflict issues, actor's decision, extent/type of third party operations, temporal era, adversary power relations, Cold War alignment, leadership, "joint L.", third party effectiveness (consensus, conflict spread, stop hostility, abate conflict, settle conflict, "isolate", overall success) -- please note that these variable names are my own; the data set does not come with a prepared codebook
Claudio Cioffi's Long Range Analysis of War (LORANOW) Project studies warfare in non-Western settings. Currently, this is limited to data on warfare in ancient China and the East Asian system, but more regions will eventually become available, including the ancient Near East (Mesopotamia), the Central Andes (Peru), and Mesoamerica (including Maya civilization).
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Currently China and the East Asian system, from roughly 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C.
- Variables Included: war name, historical epoch, onset and termination dates, number of participants, intra- or intergroup conflict, ethnic diversity of belligerents, alliance clusters among participants, political status and political complexity of belligerents, systemic polarity, capability balance among participants, temporal context
Armed Conflict Data (from the Center for the Study of Civil War at the Peace Research Institute of Oslo [PRIO] and the Uppsala Conflict Data Project, which also offers a number of other data sets)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1946-2001
- Variables Included: a variety of different data sets and case listings in both monadic and dyadic forms, including both primarily internal and primarily interstate conflicts.
Major Episodes of Political Violence (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; see also the related Armed Conflict and Intervention (ACI) project. This data set includes conflicts that are listed in one or more other data sources, ranging from civil-intrastate and ethnic-intrastate to international conflicts and including a wide range of severity levels between low-level violence and full-scale war.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1946-1999
- Variables Included: dates, conflict type, conflict magnitude, participants, notes (often indicating the specific participant groups and/or the issues involed), deaths
Global and Regional Conflict Trends (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; note that this gives a graphical presentation of aggregated data from various sources, rather than the actual data sets themselves)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Varies; generally 1946-1999 or some subset thereof
- Variables Included: warfare, ethnopolitical rebellion, refugees and displaced populations, democracy and autocracy, and violent conflicts; some graphs are broken down by region rather than aggregated globally
Current Status of the World's Major Armed Conflicts (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; includes "all known instances of major armed conflict and population displacement in the world in the late 1990s" with a brief description of each conflict, an assessment of its current status, and an estimate of the number of refugees and internally displaced population at the end of 1998)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: "late 1990s"
- Variables Included: conflict status, refugees, internally displaced population
The KOSIMO Conflict Data (from the Heidelberg Institute of International Conflict Research (HIIK); see also their annual Conflict Barometer reports.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
The Duration of Interstate Wars, 1816-1985 (from Bennett and Stam's 1996 APSR article)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1985
- Variables Included: War ID Number, First and last year of war, COW country codes for antagonists, Length (duration) of war in months, Censored war ending?, Offensive and defensive strategies in war (attrition / maneuver / punishment), Terrain coding (ranges from open terrain to impassable), Terrain-strategy interaction, Total Military Personnel, Total Population, Population Ratio, COW Balance of Forces Ratio (adjusted for distance), Force Quality Ratio, War Salience, Political Repression, Democracy, Surprise, Number of States in War, Previous Disputes between Belligerents
Interstate Rivalry
Diehl/Goertz Rivalry Data (This is version 5 of their data set, which is based on the MID3 data set from 1816-2001.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: All COW militarized dispute dyads, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Scott Bennett's Rivalry Data (details on the coding of the rivalries used in his research on rivalry termination. He has also made available the replication data for a number of rivalry-related articles: Security, Bargaining, and the End of Interstate Rivalry [1996 ISQ], Democracy, Regime Change, and Rivalry Termination [1997 II], Measuring Rivalry Termination [1997 JCR], and Integrating and Testing Models of Rivalry Termination [1998 AJPS].)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Event Data
KEDS Event Data (Access to a number of collections of event data from the Kansas Event Data System (KEDS) project, including data using the associated Conflict and Mediation Event Observations (CAMEO) coding scheme. The downloadable data sets include data on events in the Levant, the Gulf region and Arabian Peninsula, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Balkans, among others.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (varies by data set)
- Variables Included: (varies by data set)
Gary King's "10 Million International Dyadic Events" data set (a machine-coded set of 10 million dyadic events between 1990-2004, coded using the Integrated Data for Events Analysis (IDEA) framework; see a more updated version on his dataverse page.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: entire world, 1990-2004
- Variables Included: (coming soon)
Internal Conflict Data
My Foreign Governments and Politics page may also include relevant information or data.
COW Intrastate [Civil] War and Extrastate [Extrasystemic] War data.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1997
- Variables Included: War participants, regional location, dates, results, and fatalities.
Minorities at Risk Project (A research project that "monitors and analyzes the status and conflicts of politically-active communal groups in all countries with a current population of at least 500,000." Besides the downloadable quantitative data, they also provide a searchable interface that can bring up information on each group that is included in the data set. The main MAR data has recently been augmented by the addition of the Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) data set.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Political Instability Task Force (a data project focused on state failures, revolutionary wars, ethnic wars, genocides, and politicides from 1955-2006.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: all "failed states," 1955-1998
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Pat Regan's interventions in civil conflicts data (replication data from his book and articles on the subject).
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (coming soon)
- Variables Included: (coming soon)
Statistics of Democide (from Rudolph Rummel's Power Kills site, which includes numerous book chapters and other manuscripts, as well as GIF versions of many data tables from these manuscripts. Unfortunately, there are no easily accessible data files that can be downloaded outside of these GIF files, so the user must download the files and transcribe the desired variables by hand from the GIF images. I am including direct links to what appear to be the most useful tables/figures; interested users are invited to visit Rummel's site for more information. )
- Most useful tables: 20th century democide data and notes and estimates on earlier democide (part 1 and part 2)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: mostly 1900-1987, although several tables cover democide in earlier periods
- Variables Included: (Varies by table/figure; dozens of tables and figures are provided in graphical form only.)
Ron Francisco's European Protest and Coercion Data (Separate data files are available for each country in Excel or tab-delimited ASCII format)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: daily protest/coercion events in 27 European countries, 1980-1995 (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, German Democratic Republic, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (with separated Northern Ireland))
- Variables Included: Event date, day of week, type of act, protester, target, event description, country, specific location, issue, linked event, event time, number of protesters involved / arrested / injured / killed, property damage, state force involved / injured / killed, organizational strength of protesters and of state, source and date of story
Domestic Strife and the Initiation of Violence at Home and Abroad, 1827-1982 (from Eric Reinhardt)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: All COW interstate system members, 1827-1982 (annual data)
- Variables Included: Violence (domestic, international, and either sort), "contested institutions," major power status, regime type, regime change, and violent and nonviolent domestic strife.
Other Conflict and Cooperation Data
My International Organizations, International Law, and International Political Economy pages may also include relevant information or data.
UN General Assembly Voting Data (compiled by Erik Voeten from a number of other UN-related data sets.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: all UN votes by each member country in the first 53 UN General Assemblies, or 1946-1998 (data for assemblies 1-40 taken from ICPSR study #5512; 46-49 from Kim and Russett's 1996 IO article; all others collected by the author)
- Variables Included: country, UN session, vote number, vote content (yes, no, abstain, not present)
GATT Trade Disputes, 1948-1993 (from Eric Reinhardt's dissertation, Posturing Parliaments: Ratification, Uncertainty, and International Bargaining. Additional data sets are available on Eric's public data page)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1948-1993
- Variables Included: Dispute start and end years, complainant and defendant countries, dispute title, GATT involvement, bilateral trade dependence, relative size of disputants' economies, level of cooperation, defendant state's bargaining power
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
GATT/WTO Dispute Initiation and GATT/WTO Membership (from Eric Reinhardt's "Aggressive Multilateralism: The Determinants of GATT/WTO Dispute Initiation, 1948-1998")
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1948-1993
- Variables Included: Dispute start and end years, complainant and defendant countries, dispute title, GATT involvement, bilateral trade dependence, relative size of disputants' economies, level of cooperation, defendant state's bargaining power
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
UN Electronic Mine Information Network (see especially their country reports, which cover everything from the status of demining operations to the country's signature and ratification status for major treaties and conventions.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, January 1997
- Variables Included: Number of mines (estimated), Total area contaminated (not available for most cases)
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Last updated: 30 July 2018
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